The Role of Physicians and Pharmacists in Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs and How to Control Antibiotics Bacterial Resistance

الملخص

Background: Antibiotic resistance is one of the most serious global health threats of the 21st century, leading to higher mortality rates, prolonged illness, and increased healthcare costs. This crisis is primarily driven by the misuse of antibiotics, lack of awareness, and suboptimal prescribing practices. In response, Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) have emerged as a key strategy to reduce bacterial resistance by promoting the rational use of antibiotics. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the role of physicians and pharmacists in ASPs and how their actions influence the appropriate use of antibiotics and help combat resistance. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a paper-based questionnaire distributed to 207 healthcare professionals, including physicians, pharmacists, and laboratory technicians, across healthcare institutions in Tripoli and surrounding areas between May 24 and June 19, 2023. The collected data revealed varying levels of knowledge and practices regarding antibiotic use, highlighting the need for improved awareness and continuous professional education. research emphasizes the complementary roles of physicians and pharmacist in the successful implementation of ASPs and advocates for multidisciplinary collaboration, enforcement of local and international policies, and the adoption of evidence-based strategies to tackle the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is a critical strategy in combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in healthcare settings with limited resources. This cross-sectional study examined the engagement, knowledge, and perceptions of healthcare professionals including physicians, pharmacists, and laboratory staff toward AMS practices in a multidisciplinary context. Results: Showed high overall participation in stewardship activities, with 70% of respondents involved in decision-making processes. However, a significant portion (30%) remained uninvolved, pointing to possible gaps in communication or institutional structure. Conclusion: The majority of participants (74.6%) acknowledged a perceived decline in antibiotic effectiveness, underscoring the urgency of addressing AMR. Although interest in research was limited, the expressed demand for further training—particularly in the safe use of antibiotics and resistance mechanisms—suggests a strong potential for capacity building.