Diversity, Distribution, and Conservation of Chondrichthyan Fishes Along Libya’s Mediterranean Coast
Abstract
The Libyan Mediterranean coast, extending about 1,900 km, is inhabited by a diverse range of chondrichthyan species, such as sharks, rays, and chimaeras. Although these species are abundant, detailed information on their distribution, population levels, and threats is limited. This research offers a comprehensive assessment based on field surveys, landing-site inspections, and structured interviews with local fishermen conducted throughout 2024 (January–December). A total of around 58 species from 24 families were documented, with sharks being the most numerous. The greatest species diversity was found in the Gulf of Sirte and the eastern ports of Tobruk and Derna. Major threats include bycatch, targeted fishing, habitat loss, and insufficient monitoring. To mitigate these issues, the study advocates for systematic monitoring, improved legal enforcement, the creation of marine protected areas (MPAs), and increased public awareness efforts.
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