إكثار نبات الورد الجوري (Rosa damascena) باستخدام زراعة الأنسجة وتقييم بعض طرق استخلاص منتجاته الطبيعية

Abstract

Damask rose (Rosa damascena) is one of the most important ornamental plants, valued for both its aesthetic and economic significance. Interest in its cultivation has increased globally and locally due to the expansion of investment in the floriculture sector. This plant is grown in temperate regions, including Libya, with the city of Misrata being one of the areas where it is widely cultivated in nurseries and public gardens.

Damask rose is an important natural resource due to its bioactive compounds with medicinal and cosmetic applications. It is used in the production of various natural products such as rose oil, rose water, and rose tea. Given its significance, this study aimed to propagate Damask rose using tissue culture techniques and to evaluate several methods for extracting its natural products.

The results demonstrated the successful propagation of Damask rose through tissue culture, where growth regulators such as (2,4-D) and (BA at a concentration of 0.0005) stimulated root formation, while( BA at 0.0001) and (NAA at 0.0002) promoted shoot development. The response of cuttings to rooting and shoot formation was influenced by several factors, including the type and concentration of the growth regulator and the duration of culture.

The study also revealed that different extraction methods affect the quality of the resulting products. Heating in a water bath at 40°C for 3–4 hours was suitable for obtaining an extract usable as a facial wash, while distillation was the optimal method for producing pure rose water. Steam distillation of the oil was effective but costly due to the large quantity of flowers required. Alternatively, oil fixation in carrier oils such as sesame or jojoba oil provided an economical solution, and the resulting product could be applied directly to the skin.