Automated Administrative Decision-Making in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

: An Analytical Study of Legality, Challenges, and Avenues for Judicial Review

Abstract

The world is currently witnessing a new revolution in technological advancement and digital transformation. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is evolving at an accelerated and intricate pace, producing vast amounts of data and demonstrating exceptional capabilities in self-learning without the need for direct human intervention. AI has now become capable of making autonomous (algorithmic) decisions.

As governments enter the era of e-governance and digital transformation, the need has emerged for advanced systems capable of processing big data using AI technologies. This has enabled the application of AI in various administrative domains. For example, in the field of public procurement, AI systems are now undertaking automated announcements of tenders and selecting the best offers based on economic advantages. In the realm of administrative policing, algorithmic systems have proven effective in providing “digital vigilance” for preventive security agencies by continuously analyzing online data and issuing early alerts regarding potential threats to public order.

Given these rapid developments in modern administrative practices, particularly with the growing reliance on AI applications, it has become imperative to reconsider certain legal concepts within the framework of public law, especially administrative law. One of the most prominent issues in this regard is the administrative decision issued by AI systems. This study aims to examine the legality of such decisions, their nature, elements, characteristics, and the possibility of challenging them before administrative courts. It also seeks to explore the legal challenges and issues encountered in comparative legal systems that have implemented such practices, and to highlight key judicial rulings addressing the legality of this new category of administrative decisions.