التكوين البصري وتنوع الخامات في الممارسة الحروفية

Abstract

Abstract :

This study explores the relationship between visual composition and material diversity in contemporary calligraphic practice, through a critical analytical comparative examination of selected artworks by Mohamed Al‑Kharoubi and Ahmed Al‑Baroudi, presented in the 10th edition of Dawaya Exhibition 2025. The research is grounded in a central problem concerning how materiality influences the construction of visual composition and contributes to redefining the Arabic letter as an autonomous visual form beyond its traditional calligraphic function. The study aims to identify points of convergence and divergence in compositional and material treatments and to clarify their impact on visual relationships and artistic meaning.

A critical analytical comparative methodology was adopted, supported by a qualitative analytical evaluation form designed to examine three main axes: visual composition, material diversity, and the interrelation between composition and material. A purposive sample of calligraphic artworks was selected, encompassing diverse materials and techniques, including acrylic and silkscreen printing on canvas, acrylic on wood, and three-dimensional metal works, allowing for in-depth comparative analysis.

The findings reveal that visual composition in calligraphic art is structurally dependent on materiality, as the material determines compositional organization, spatial relationships, visual rhythm, and the functional role of the Arabic letter. The study also highlights significant differences in the role of color between the two artists: while color functions as an expressive and constructive element guiding composition in Al-Kharoubi’s works, it serves a more supportive and organizational role in Al-Baroudi’s practice, particularly in metal sculptures where the letter manifests as a solid spatial form. The study recommends further research into contemporary Libyan calligraphic practices and emphasizes the importance of examining the interaction between material and composition across different exhibition contexts to enhance critical understanding of the evolving visual language of the Arabic letter.

Keywords: Visual Composition, Material Diversity, Calligraphic Art, Arabic Letter, Art Criticism.